学生们在格里昂发起的“他为了她”活动（HeForShe） — 关注人性
Andrew Raul Nedelcu 2015年4月15日
格里昂“他为了她”活动在Facebook中的主页：#HeForSheGlion Facebook
格里昂“他为了她”活动照片分享链接：#HeForSheGlion Instagram
性别不平等这个问题在世界上已经存在了相当长的时间了，任何一本历史书上都记载有性别不平等的现象。这么多年来，人们举办过各种各样的示威活动来抵制性别不平等现象，许多人（男士和女士都有）也纷纷呼吁，但除了在表面上产生了一些积极的变化外，这个问题到今天依然存在。
中世纪时期，女子只有与国王结婚之后才能被赋予皇后的称号。
1789年，法国革命对社会中存在的男女不平等现象提出质疑，为妇女取得与男性平等的权利带来希望。
1911年，女权主义这个术语开始流行。
1920年，美国妇女最终获得选举权。
1971年，瑞士实行普选权，在联邦级别选举中赋予妇女选举权。
2010年，塞拉利昂（Sierra Leone）为孕妇提供免费医疗。
2013年，Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie 在TED演讲节目中为女权主义辩护：“我们都应该成为女权主义者”。
2014年9月，著名的“哈利波特”女主角，同时也是联合国亲善大使的艾玛·沃特森（Emma Watson），成为“他为了她”（HeForShe）运动的发起人之一，该活动旨在让男士也参与进来，增强男士性别平等的意识。
2015年3月，我们的格里昂同学Shirley Ko和Franco Benítez在校园里举办了首场“他为了她”（HeForShe）活动，邀请每个班级、每个民族和所有不同文化背景的同学都参与了进来，把这项活动推到了一个更高的层次 — 对他们所有人都问这样一个简单的问题：“性别平等对你而言意味着什么？”
他们鼓励学生们写下自己对性别平等的定义，并通过社交媒体把这些定义都发布出来，所有这些定义前面都有这样的标签： #HeForShe和#HeForSheGlion。结果本身即已说明一切，可点击此链接做详细了解：The results speak for themselves
这些小组成员们回答了一些关于这项活动和性别不平等主题的一些问题，并且态度十分友好。
这项运动最初是如何发起的？
“他为了她”（HeForShe）运动在全球也是首次开展，由联合国妇女署于2014年9月发起，旨在反对妇女和女孩子们一直面临的性别不平等问题。同时还启动了影响力10x10x10试点项目作为这次运动的一部分活动。影响力10x10x10试点项目旨在让全世界的政府、企业和大学都参与进来，促进和加强“他为了她”（HeForShe）运动的影响。
今年早些时候，我们看到了艾玛·沃特森（Emma Watson）在达沃斯世界经济论坛上发表了演讲。联合国妇女署还为大学量身打造了执行方案，我们决定在格里昂将其付诸实践。我们在格里昂举行了“他为了她”（HeForShe）活动，我们希望可以调动更多年轻人来推进这项活动，向性别平等的目标迈进。
在您看来，性别不平等的“根源”是什么？
有一些因素可以被认为是性别不平等的“根源”，但是最普遍的一个原因是大众的错误观念，认为妇女在道德上不如男性；认为妇女是天生的弱者、感情用事。甚至有时候女性还被认为是“第二性”：社会上总认为男性是独立性别，而把女性作为“附属”性别来看待。正是这种指定的社会角色和模式化形象禁锢了我们的思维，使我们想象不到女性全面参与到社会生活中的潜力。
此外，传统的道德哲学倾向于支持这样的观点：女性应该发展“女性美德”，比如稳重、谦逊、恭顺等。这些传统观念已经绵延了几个世纪，并且妇女在长时间的历史阶段中都属于从属地位，这两方面因素相互影响。为了改变这些对女性社会角色的误读，我们相信男性必须参与进来，成为改变这种性别不平等现象的推动者和代言人。
性别不平等在现代主要有哪些问题？
当代有一个非常常见的问题就是巨大的性别差异。世界上所有的国家都在薪资待遇和工作机会方面存在性别差异。实际上，根据2014年全球性别差异报告（Global Gender Gap Report）：经过最近九年对全球性别差异的管理，男性和女性在经济参与和工作机会上的差距缩小了百分之四。
这份报告不仅显示了女性在政治参与和经济参与上与男性相比都还存在巨大的差异，还显示出：在其他方面保持男女平等的前提下，要花费81年的时间才能完全消除这两方面的差异。目前，世界上还没有哪个国家非常成功地做到从整体上缩小男女性别差异的。
此外，如果女性面临的职业选择范围仍然比男性狭窄，在相同的工作岗位中获得的报酬仍然比男性低，那么女性无论是在公众范围内还是在家里都不会得到公平的对待。
最后，在许多职位中，女性在晋升方面也存在劣势。这是因为在大部分家庭中照料孩子的责任主要还是由女性来承担；还因为企业在雇用女性员工时要承担女性带薪产假这方面的经济压力。要解决这个问题，男性就必须与女性平等地分担照顾孩子的责任，并且在整个父亲的角色中，男性在整体上都要给予女性更多的帮助和支持。
如果要让人们形成强烈的性别平等的意识，最好的“工具”是什么？
瑞文·康奈尔（Raewyn Connell）在男性、男性气概和性别平等领域都是领衔研究者，瑞文声称要实现性别平等必须先达到两个先决条件：
首先是文化和社会变革 — 或者，男性要充分认识到建立一个性别平等社会的重要性和好处。其次是制度变革。在推动文化和社会变革方面，我们相信科技会对这个过程产生巨大的影响，科技在推动全球教育进步方面起着至关重要的作用，科技在教育领域的应用还意味着：在有恐怖主义威胁的地方，女孩子们可以在安全的环境中学习。
此外，这也是我们决定在格里昂举行这项活动的原因之一：根据联合国经济和社会事务部2013年的年度报告，据粗略统计全球一半人口都处于30岁以下。因此在推动性别平等的进程中，年轻人会带来动力和支持，并勇敢地面对挑战，促进社会实现性别平等。然而，他们作为这个变革的见证人，还有很多潜力尚待挖掘。
与之前的几代人相比，我们这一代人有一个更好的起点，面临的机会也更多，同时还有更便利的条件来获得我们需要的信息、科技、教育和培训。
这种理念是如何在大学的学生和教职工之间贯彻应用的？
一开始的时候，我们试着按照联合国妇女署提供给大学的执行方案来执行，但是我们自己又有了一些创新想法，然后我们也执行了这些想法来推动这个活动的进展。
我们作为中间人，一方面要让学生们建立性别平等的意识，同时还要从学生们的反馈中获得动力将这个活动继续举办下去，于是我们决定让学生们把他们自己对性别平等的想法和观点写下来并在社交媒体上与大家分享，在社交媒体上发布的时候加上“#HeForSheGlion”的标签。这种方式取得了巨大的成功，这也是一个有效的工具让学生们和教职工们都参与到这个活动的讨论中来，也为其将来主动提倡男女平等打下基础。
在参加这样一项活动的时候，有哪些关键的地方需要人们（女性和男性）注意？
可能最重要的一点是要对这场活动所倡议的内容保持一个开放的心态。不仅在参加这个性别平等运动中要保持这样的心态，对于更多新奇的理念，如男性要在这样的倡议运动中充当一个积极主动的角色，对这样的理念也应保持一个开放的心态。
任何争取公民权利和人权的运动都会遇到很多阻力，因此我们举办这项活动首先要考虑到如何获取更多的支持 — 从精神层面到实际开展这个活动都需要支持。如果人们有意愿了解各个活动，我们就可以获得他们的支持，正是这些支持让我们可以对潜在的阻力置之不顾。也正是这种精神支持推动着每个人义无反顾地朝着实现性别平等的目标迈进，或者抑制性别不平等的现象。
而这就是你之前没有做过的，今天却正在做的事情。无论你的努力力量微小还是强大，你都在为实现性别平等的目标添砖加瓦。
如果要促进这项活动的更好地运行，您有别的方法可以推荐吗？
可以向联合国妇女署捐款，以支持他们为消除全球范围内性别不平等现象所做的努力。我们专门组织了一个团队来为这项活动筹集资金。另外，组织专题讨论会、座谈会和辩论等都是一些很好的方式：可以让支持者参与进来，并且大家可以在一个更高的知识层面互动，这可能是最有效力的方法了。
然而，参加到这项活动中来，你需要做的绝不仅仅是表面上看到的这些事情。活动结束后，我们都回到自己的生活中来，我们只有在日常生活中才能为这项活动做出实际贡献。在这里我们推荐你做两件事：阅读和传播。阅读更多关于性别平等的资料，加深你对这项运动的理解，这样你才能更好地完成第二件事 — 传播这些信息。
你需要对那些持性别不平等理念的人传播这些信息，对他们进行教育，跟他们讲这项运动和性别平等的理念。正如纳尔逊·曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）所说：“教育是最有效的武器，你可以用它改变世界。”
这项活动在整体上取得的成果达到你们的预期了吗？
我们取得的成果达到甚至还超出了我们的预期！我们对照片的数量和最初几天在午餐时间段我们Facebook主页的浏览量都设定了目标，每天的结果都超过了我们的目标。
然而，这些原始数据并没有让我们感到多兴奋。真正让我们感到兴奋的是这些数据表达的信息：不仅表明这项活动很受欢迎，影响力在不断扩大，也表明了人们真正关心这项活动，这点在一些学生们写的回复中可以得到证明。看到人们写的那些非常有意义的回复，就觉得举办这场活动真的很值得。
根据这些反馈结果，这项活动在整个格里昂社区产生了怎样的影响？
反馈结果让人惊叹，这些结果表明：只要有机会，学生们和教职工们都会团结一致，坚定地支持一项伟大的事业。这让我们觉得非常温暖，也有点受宠若惊。在我们这个时代格里昂精神还从来没有以这样易感知的形式体现过，这段记忆将永远萦绕在我们心中。
然而，最重要的是我们问的这个问题对他们产生的精神影响：“性别不平等对你而言意味着什么？”让他们回答这个问题并不是因为我们想通过这种方式宣传这项活动的理念，或者宣传我们活动组织者的理念，或是宣传我们朋友们的想法，我们这样做是想让每个人自己都真正地思考性别平等的问题。他们需要自己对性别平等下一个定义，而这正是我们想要推崇的。我们不想用固定的一种模式来看待这个问题，因为性别不平等和女权主义落实到每个人身上都是带有各自的主观色彩的。花点时间思考这个问题，写下性别平等对自己的意义，这将会让参与者获得更多的自信，从而更好地支持这项活动并在这项活动中坚持自己的立场。
对正在阅读这篇文章的人，或者对这项活动感兴趣的人，您想向他们传达什么信息？
参与某种具有争议的活动意味着你必然会遇到阻力。我们获得了非常广泛的支持，同时也有一些学生对这项活动仍然持怀疑态度，并对这项活动的立场做了一些消极的猜想。
得到这样的反馈也是不可避免的。记住，不要把这样消极的反馈看做是挫折，相反，要视其为机会。人权运动不是要让人们改变信仰，而是要借此机会让那些怀疑论者处在支持者的言论包围中，受到这些支持观点的影响。我们希望达到这样的效果：即使这些怀疑论者这次并没有对该活动表现出完全的支持，但至少我们也让他们受到了一点支持理念的熏陶，这样，也许下次他们再经历到这样的活动时，他们就会仔细地思考，“可能这些人讲的确实有道理”。
当你看到事情并没有很快发生转变的时候，不要灰心。要知道转变是要有一个过程的，你要耐心，坚持，再坚持。不要指望从怀疑论者那里获得完全的支持（因为通过这种方式你是不会获得他们完全的支持的），而是尽量让他们参与进来，让他们的参与成为这项活动的一部分。
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#HeForSheGlion, by Students For Humanity
by Andrew Raul Nedelcu 15 April 2015
#HeForSheGlion Facebook
#HeForSheGlion Instagram
Gender inequality is an issue existing in this world for as long as any history books have recorded. Various manifestations and people (both men and women) have fought against it throughout the years, but despite some positive changes, the issue still persists today.
In medieval times, women were granted the title of Queen only if they married a King.
In 1789, the French Revolution questions the social inequalities between women and men, and gives hopes in women’s fight for equal rights.
In 1911, the term feminism becomes popular.
In 1920, American women were finally given the right to vote.
In 1971, Switzerland accepts universal suffrage, giving women the right to vote at the federal level.
In 2010, free healthcare for pregnant women is launched in Sierra Leone.
In 2013, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie speaks up for feminism on her TEDx speech “We should all be feminists”.
September 2014, famous “Harry Potter” actress and UN Goodwill Ambassador Emma Watson is one of the founders of the “HeForShe” campaign, focusing on involving men into sustaining and increasing awareness of gender equality.
March 2015, our fellow Glioners Shirley Ko and Franco Benítez took the initial #HeForShe campaign to the next level by getting colleagues from all classes, nations and cultures involved – all asking themselves a simple question: “What does gender equality mean to you ?”
They’ve encouraged students to write down their definition of gender equality and upload it via social media with the hash-tags #HeForShe and #HeForSheGlion. The results speak for themselves.
These team members were kind enough as to answer some questions regarding the campaign and topic of gender inequality.
How had this campaign started initially?
The #HeForShe campaign is a global initiative that was started by the UN Women in September 2014 to fight against the ongoing inequalities faced by women and girls. As part of the campaign, the ‘Impact 10x10x10’ pilot programme was created to engage governments, corporations and universities around the world to accelerate and enhance the impact of the campaign.
After watching Emma Watson’s speech on the World Economic Forum in Davos earlier this year, we decided that we would try to put in practice at Glion the implementation plan tailored for universities provided by UN Women. By launching the #HeForShe campaign in Glion, we hope to mobilize young people to accelerate the process towards the achievement of gender equality.
In your opinion, what is the ‘root’ of gender inequality?
Several factors can be considered the ‘root’ of gender inequality, but one of the most prevalent ones is the common misconception that women are morally inferior to men, and that women are by nature weak and emotional. Even more, women are sometimes considered to be a “second sex”, because they are regarded always as an “other” to the primary male sex. It is these prescribed social roles and gender stereotypes that cloud our minds and keep us from envisioning the potential of having full inclusion of women in society.
Furthermore, traditional moral philosophy has tended to support the view that women should develop “women’s virtues,” such as modesty, humility, and subservience. These traditional notions have been around for centuries and are strongly associated with a long history of the subordination of women. In order to change these misconceptions of the role of women in society, we believe that men and boys must be included as advocates and agents of change.
What are the contemporary issues that define gender inequality?
One issue that is very common in our times is the existence of a gender gap, both for payment and job opportunities, in all countries around the world. In fact, according to the Global Gender Gap Report 2014, in nine years of measuring the global gender gap, the gap for economic participation and opportunity has closed by just four percentage points.
Not only does this show that there are still wide gaps in women’s political and economic participation, but also that, with all else remaining equal, it will take 81 years to close this gap completely. For the time being, no country in the world has thus far been successful in closing its overall gender gap.
Moreover, if women continue to be clustered in a narrower range of lower paying occupations, it is clear that they will not be treated equally in both the public realm and the realm of the home and family.
Finally, the issue of women having a disadvantage in terms of advancement in many professions due to the fact that they are the primary child care providers in most families and due to the financial threat of having women employees asking for maternity leaves. In order to solve this, men could take an equal share of child care and be more supportive in general in the whole paternity role.
What are the best ‘tools’ to build a strong sense of gender equality?
Raewyn Connell, a leading researcher on men, masculinity and gender equality, has argued that the achievement of gender equality has two pre-requisites.
The first is cultural and social change – or, mens’ and boys’ acceptance of the importance and benefit of a gender-equal society. The second is institutional change. In driving this cultural and social change, we believe that technology can have a massive impact; technology is critical for universal access to education, and it can mean that girls can learn in safe places where there’s a threat of terrorism.
Furthermore, and this is one of the reasons why we decided to launch this campaign in Glion, according to a UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs 2013 report, roughly half of the world’s population is under the age of 30. Young people can be mobilized, supported and challenged to contribute to advancing gender equality, yet they remain underutilized as agents of change.
Our generation is better positioned and has more opportunities than previous ones to help shape development, with greater access to information, technology, education and training.
How has this idea been implemented throughout the students and staff members of the university?
Since the beginning, we tried to follow the guidelines that were given to us in the implementation plan, but we have come up with some initiatives of our own to promote the campaign.
As a medium to create awareness while capturing the momentum of the launch of the campaign, we decided to ask students to write their personal opinion and thoughts on gender equality and share them on social media using the hashtag “#HeForSheGlion”. This was a great success and an effective tool to get students and faculty members talking about the campaign, and also to set the base for future initiatives.
What key aspects should anybody (women and men) have in mind when being involved in such an activity?
Perhaps first and foremost, is an open mind to what the campaign stands for. This applies to both the gender equality movement as a whole, and the more novel idea of having men take an active stand for the movement too.
As with any civil rights or human rights movement that was met with resistance, support has to come first from a mental commitment to the cause, which arises from a willingness to learn about it and to set aside assumptions. It is this mental commitment that will compel an individual to go out of their way to do something to promote gender equality or to suppress gender inequality.
And it is the actions you do today that you didn’t do yesterday that grow the movement, be it large or small.
What other methods would you recommend to contribute to this campaign?
Donating to UN Women for their efforts to eliminate gender inequality globally. We organized a party to raise funds to donate to this cause. In addition, organizing panel discussions, forums and debates are key to engaging supporters on a more intellectual level, which is arguably the most powerful method.
However, engaging in this campaign only scratches on the surface of what you can do. At the end of the day, we go back to our lives, and it is here in our everyday lives where the contribution truly matters. Here, there are two things we would recommend: read and relay. Read more about gender equality and deepen your understanding of the cause so you are more equipped to perform the second part, relaying the information.
You need to speak up against those who perpetuate gender inequality. Educate them about the campaign and the underlying issue of gender equality. As Nelson Mandela said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”
Have the overall results met your expectations?
The results have met and exceeded our expectations! We set goals for the number of photos and Facebook page likes in the first few days of the launch and the results surpassed them everyday.
However, it wasn’t so much the raw numbers that excited us. What these results conveyed, was not only that the campaign had succeeded in becoming popular, but also that people truly cared about the cause, evidenced by what some of the students wrote in their answers. It was especially rewarding to see that some of the most meaningful answers came from men.
Based on results, what was the impact of the campaign throughout the Glion community?
The amazing results showed that when given the opportunity, both students and faculty could unite to show solidarity for a great cause. It was heart warming and humbling. The Glion spirit had never become so palpable in our time here and this is something that will make us always think of Glion fondly for.
However, above all, was the mental impact of being asked the question, “What does gender equality mean to you?” Answering this question wasn’t about promoting the message of the campaign or what we, the organizers thought or what their friends thought, it was about what the individual thought about gender equality. It required them to define the cause for themselves and that is what we want to encourage. We do not want to endorse one way of looking at it because the applications of gender equality and feminism are subjective. Taking a moment to think about and write down what gender equality means to an individual will hopefully give one more confidence in showing support and in owning one’s stance in this movement.
What message do you have for whoever is reading this article or would like to express interest in the campaign?
Partaking in what some claim to be a controversial campaign means you will encounter resistance. While we saw the overwhelming support, there were some students who remained skeptical about the campaign and made negative assumptions about what it stood for.
This reaction is inevitable. Remember not to think of this as a setback but instead as an opportunity. Human rights campaigns are not about preaching to the converted, it largely involves giving the skeptics a chance to expose themselves to the arguments supporting the movement. We hope that even if the skeptics didn’t show downright support this time around, that we made them warm up to the idea a little bit so that the next time they find themselves among a campaign, they’ll think for a second, “perhaps these people have a point.”
Refrain from feeling discouraged when you don’t see change arise overnight and know that it takes patience, persistence and perseverance. Instead of looking to produce absolute support from the skeptics (because you will not get it that way), aim to become a part of the process.
【原文引自】：http://www.gheac.com/thread-7583-1-1.html
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